Bài 19 : Tìm x \(\in\) Q, biết :
a) (x + 1) (x - 2) < 0 ; b) (x - 2) \(\left(x+\frac{2}{3}\right)>0\)
Bài 1: Tìm min và max của \(A=x\left(x^2-6\right)\) biết \(0\le x\le3\)
Baì 2: Tìm max của \(A=\left(3-x\right)\left(4-y\right)\left(2x+3y\right)\) biết \(0\le x\le3\) và \(0\le y\le4\)
Bài 3: Cho a, b, c>0 và a+b+c=1. Tìm min của \(A=\frac{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}{\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)}\)
Bài 4: Cho 0<x<2. Tìm min của \(A=\frac{9x}{2-x}+\frac{2}{x}\)
Bài 3: \(A=\frac{\left(2a+b+c\right)\left(a+2b+c\right)\left(a+b+2c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)
Đặt a+b=x;b+c=y;c+a=z
\(A=\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}{xyz}\ge\frac{2\sqrt{xy}.2\sqrt{yz}.2\sqrt{zx}}{xyz}=\frac{8xyz}{xyz}=8\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Bài 4: \(A=\frac{9x}{2-x}+\frac{2}{x}=\frac{9x-18}{2-x}+\frac{18}{2-x}+\frac{2}{x}\ge-9+\frac{\left(\sqrt{18}+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}{2-x+x}=-9+\frac{32}{2}=7\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi\(\frac{\sqrt{18}}{2-x}=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{x}\Rightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}\)
1) Tìm x biết :
a) [ x ] + 1 = 5
b) ( [ x ] + 2 ) x ( 3 [ x ] - 1 ) = 0
2) Tìm x , y biết :
a) [ x ] + { y } = 1,5 và [ y ] + { x } = 3,2
b) x + y = 3,2 và [ x ] + { y } = 4,7
3) Tìm x để :
a) M = \(\left(2x-3\right).\left(\frac{3}{4}x+1\right)=0\)
b) N = \(\frac{\frac{2}{3}x-5}{3x+2}< 0\)
c) \(P=\left(\frac{3}{4}x+2\right).\left(\frac{2}{5}x-6\right)=0\)
d) \(Q=\frac{\left(x-3\right).\left(2x+5\right)}{7-x}>0\)
* Đây là bài phần nguyên, phần lẻ của một số.
Bài 3:
a: \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-3=0\\\dfrac{3}{4}x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3}{2}\\x=-\dfrac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b: \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+2>0\\\dfrac{2}{3}x-5< 0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{2}{3}< x< \dfrac{15}{2}\)
c: \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{4}x+2=0\\\dfrac{2}{5}x-6=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\cdot\dfrac{3}{4}=-2\\\dfrac{2}{5}x=6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{8}{3}\\x=6:\dfrac{2}{5}=15\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 1 : Tìm x biết :
a, \(\left|\frac{3}{2}x+\frac{1}{2}\right|=\left|4x-1\right|\)
b, \(\left|\frac{5}{4}x-\frac{7}{2}\right|-\left|\frac{5}{8}x+\frac{3}{5}\right|=0\)
c,\(\left|\frac{7}{5}x+\frac{2}{3}\right|=\left|\frac{4}{3}x-\frac{1}{4}\right|\)
Bài 2 : Tìm x biết :
a, | 2x - 5 | = x +1
b, | 3x - 2 | -1 = x
c, | 3x - 7 | = 2x + 1
d, | 2x-1 | +1 = x
1a) \(\left|\frac{3}{2}x+\frac{1}{2}\right|=\left|4x-1\right|\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}\frac{3}{2}x+\frac{1}{2}=4x-1\\\frac{3}{2}x+\frac{1}{2}=1-4x\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}-\frac{5}{2}x=-\frac{3}{2}\\\frac{11}{2}x=\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{5}{3}\\x=\frac{1}{11}\end{cases}}\)
b) \(\left|\frac{5}{4}x-\frac{7}{2}\right|-\left|\frac{5}{8}x+\frac{3}{5}\right|=0\)
=>\(\left|\frac{5}{4}x-\frac{7}{2}\right|=\left|\frac{5}{8}x+\frac{3}{5}\right|\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}\frac{5}{4}x-\frac{7}{2}=\frac{5}{8}x+\frac{3}{5}\\\frac{5}{4}x-\frac{7}{2}=-\frac{5}{8}x-\frac{3}{5}\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}\frac{5}{8}x=\frac{41}{10}\\\frac{15}{8}x=\frac{29}{10}\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{164}{25}\\x=\frac{116}{75}\end{cases}}\)
c) TT
a, \(\left|\frac{3}{2}x+\frac{1}{2}\right|=\left|4x-1\right|\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}\frac{3}{2}x+\frac{1}{2}=4x-1\\-\frac{3}{2}x-\frac{1}{2}=4x-1\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}\frac{3}{2}x+\frac{1}{2}-4x=-1\\-\frac{3}{2}x-\frac{1}{2}-4x=-1\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{3}{5}\\x=\frac{1}{11}\end{cases}}\)
\(b,\left|\frac{5}{4}x-\frac{7}{2}\right|-\left|\frac{5}{8}x+\frac{3}{5}\right|=0\)
=> \(\left|\frac{5}{4}x-\frac{7}{2}\right|-0=\left|\frac{5}{8}x+\frac{3}{5}\right|\)
=> \(\frac{\left|5x-14\right|}{4}=\frac{\left|25x+24\right|}{40}\)
=> \(\frac{10(\left|5x-14\right|)}{40}=\frac{\left|25x+24\right|}{40}\)
=> \(\left|50x-140\right|=\left|25x+24\right|\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}50x-140=25x+24\\-50x+140=25x+24\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{164}{25}\\x=\frac{116}{75}\end{cases}}\)
c, \(\left|\frac{7}{5}x+\frac{2}{3}\right|=\left|\frac{4}{3}x-\frac{1}{4}\right|\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}\frac{7}{5}x+\frac{2}{3}=\frac{4}{3}x-\frac{1}{4}\\-\frac{7}{5}x-\frac{2}{3}=\frac{4}{3}x-\frac{1}{4}\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{55}{4}\\x=-\frac{25}{164}\end{cases}}\)
Bài 2 : a. |2x - 5| = x + 1
TH1 : 2x - 5 = x + 1
=> 2x - 5 - x = 1
=> 2x - x - 5 = 1
=> 2x - x = 6
=> x = 6
TH2 : -2x + 5 = x + 1
=> -2x + 5 - x = 1
=> -2x - x + 5 = 1
=> -3x = -4
=> x = 4/3
Ba bài còn lại tương tự
Tìm \(x\in Q\) biết:
a/\(\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)< 0\)
b/\(\left(x-2\right)\left(x-\frac{2}{3}\right)>0\)
\(a,\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)< 0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+1>0\\x-2< 0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x>-1\\x< 2\end{cases}\Rightarrow}-1< x< 2\left(tm\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+1< 0\\x-2>0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x< -1\\x>2\end{cases}\Rightarrow}2< x< -1\left(KTM\right)}\)
Bài 2: Tìm x, y biết :
a) \(\left(3x-\frac{y}{5}\right)^2+\left(2y+\frac{3}{7}\right)^2=0\)
b) \(\left(x+y-\frac{1}{4}\right)^2+\left(x-y+\frac{1}{5}\right)^2=0\)
Ta có : \(\left(3x-\frac{y}{5}\right)^2\ge0;\left(2y+\frac{3}{7}\right)^2\ge0\)
\(=>\left(3x-\frac{y}{5}\right)^2+\left(2y+\frac{3}{7}\right)^2\ge0\)
Mà \(\left(3x-\frac{y}{5}\right)^2+\left(2y+\frac{3}{7}\right)^2=0\)nên dấu "=" xảy ra
\(< =>\hept{\begin{cases}3x-\frac{y}{5}=0\\2y+\frac{3}{7}=0\end{cases}}< =>\hept{\begin{cases}3x-\frac{y}{5}=0\\y=-\frac{3}{14}\end{cases}}\)
\(< =>\hept{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{1}{70}\\y=-\frac{3}{14}\end{cases}}\)
Ta có : \(\left(x+y-\frac{1}{4}\right)^2\ge0;\left(x-y+\frac{1}{5}\right)^2\ge0\)
Cộng theo vế ta được : \(\left(x+y-\frac{1}{4}\right)^2+\left(x-y+\frac{1}{5}\right)^2\ge0\)
Mà \(\left(x+y-\frac{1}{4}\right)^2+\left(x-y+\frac{1}{5}\right)^2=0\)nên dấu "=" xảy ra
\(< =>\hept{\begin{cases}y+x=\frac{1}{4}\\y-x=\frac{1}{5}\end{cases}}< =>\hept{\begin{cases}y=\frac{9}{40}\\x=\frac{1}{40}\end{cases}}\)
1. Tìm giá tị nhỏ nhất (GTNN) của biểu thức:
a. \(M=|x+\frac{15}{19}|\)
b. \(N=\left|x-\frac{4}{7}\right|-\frac{1}{2}\)
2. Tìm giá trị lớn nhất (GTLN) của biểu thức sau:
a. \(P=-\left|\frac{5}{3}-x\right|\)
b. \(Q=9-\left|x-\frac{1}{10}\right|\)
3. Tìm x, y biết:
a. \(\left|x-y-5\right|+2007\cdot\left(y-3\right)^{2004}=0\)
b. \(\left(x+y\right)^{2016}+2007\cdot\left|y-1\right|=0\)
c. \(\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2=0\)
1. a) Ta có: M = |x + 15/19| \(\ge\)0 \(\forall\)x
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x + 15/19 = 0 <=> x = -15/19
Vậy MinM = 0 <=> x = -15/19
b) Ta có: N = |x - 4/7| - 1/2 \(\ge\)-1/2 \(\forall\)x
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x - 4/7 = 0 <=> x = 4/7
Vậy MinN = -1/2 <=> x = 4/7
2a) Ta có: P = -|5/3 - x| \(\le\)0 \(\forall\)x
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> 5/3 - x = 0 <=> x = 5/3
Vậy MaxP = 0 <=> x = 5/3
b) Ta có: Q = 9 - |x - 1/10| \(\le\)9 \(\forall\)x
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x - 1/10 = 0 <=> x = 1/10
Vậy MaxQ = 9 <=> x = 1/10
3a) Ta có:
|x - y - 5| + 2007.(y - 3)2004 = 0
<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-y-5=0\\y-3=0\end{cases}}\)
<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=y+5\\y=3\end{cases}}\)
<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=8\\y=3\end{cases}}\)
b) Ta có :
(x + y)2016 + 2007.|y - 1| = 0
<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=0\\y-1=0\end{cases}}\)
<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=-y\\y=1\end{cases}}\)
<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=-1\\y=1\end{cases}}\)
c) (x - 1)2 + (y + 3)2 = 0
<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\y+3=0\end{cases}}\)
<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=-3\end{cases}}\)
Tìm \(x\in Q\) biết:
a) \(\left(x-\frac{2}{5}\right)\left(x+\frac{3}{7}\right)>0\)
b) \(\left(\frac{2}{3}x-\frac{1}{5}\right)\left(\frac{5}{3}x+\frac{2}{3}\right)
Bài 1: Tìm x,y:
a) |x - 1| + |x + 3| = 4
b) |2x + 3| + |2x - 1| = \(\frac{8}{2\left(y-5\right)^2+2}\)
c) |x + 3| + |x + 1| = \(\frac{16}{\left|y-2\right|+\left|y+2\right|}\)
Bài 2: Tìm số nguyên x,y, biết:
a) \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}=\frac{1}{5}\)
b) \(x^2-2xy+y=0\)
a)Áp dụng bđt \(\left|a\right|+\left|b\right|\ge\left|a+b\right|\) ta có:
\(\left|x-1\right|+\left|3+x\right|=\left|1-x\right|+\left|3+x\right|\ge\left|1-x+3+x\right|=4\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge VP."="\Leftrightarrow-3\le x\le1\)
b) \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left|2x+3\right|+\left|2x-1\right|=\left|2x+3\right|+\left|1-2x\right|\ge4\\\frac{8}{2\left(y-5\right)^2+2}\le4\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow VT\ge VP."="\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}-\frac{3}{2}\le x\le\frac{1}{2}\\y=5\end{cases}}\)
c Tương tự b
2) \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}=5\Leftrightarrow x+y-5xy=0\Leftrightarrow5x+5y-25xy=0\Leftrightarrow5x\left(1-5y\right)-\left(1-5y\right)=-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(5x-1\right)\left(1-5y\right)=-1\)
Xét ước
ta có
\(\frac{\left(2018-x\right)^2+\left(2018-x\right)\left(x-2019\right)+\left(x-2019\right)^2}{\left(2018-x\right)^2-\left(2018-x\right)\left(x-2019\right)-\left(x-2019\right)^2}=\frac{19}{49}\) ( điều kiện : x khác : 2018;2019 )
đặt a = x - 2019 ( a khác 0 )
ta có hệ thức :
\(\frac{\left(a+1\right)^2-\left(a+1\right)a+a^2}{\left(a+1\right)^2+\left(a+1\right)a+a^2}=\frac{19}{49}\\ \Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2+a+1}{3a^2+3a+1}=\frac{19}{49}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow49\left(a^2+a+1\right)=19\left(3a^2+3a+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow49a^2+49a+49=57a^2+57a+19\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8a^2+8a-30=0\\ \left(2a+1\right)^2-4^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2a+3\right)\left(2a+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=\frac{3}{2}\\a=-\frac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)( thỏa mãn điều kiện )
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{4041}{2}\\x=\frac{4033}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)( thỏa mãn điều kiện )
vậy \(x\in\left\{\frac{4041}{2};\frac{4033}{2}\right\}\)